A Coal Miner's Work: Harry Fain
Making Connections
All documents and text associated with this activity are printed below, followed by a worksheet for student responses.Introduction
These photographs were taken following a series of massive post-World War II labor strikes demanding better health and safety conditions for miners. Upon returning to work, the government and the United Mine Workers of America agreed to a nationwide survey of factors affecting miners' health and welfare.The government contracted photographer Russell Lee to document the study with photographs. He took more than 2,000 photographs of the miners in their homes, workplaces, and communities.
In this activity you will explore photographs that Russell Lee took of coal miner Harry Fain and his family during the week of September 21, 1946.
Name:
Class:
Class:
Worksheet
A Coal Miner's Work: Harry Fain
Making Connections
Examine the documents and text included in this activity. Fill in any blanks in the sequence with your thoughts and write your conclusion response in the space provided.Harry Fain, coal loader.
For each of the photographs, consider the following:
1. Quickly scan the photo. What do you notice first?
2. List the people, objects and activities you see.
3. Where is it from?
4. When is it from?
5. Write one sentence summarizing this photo.
6. What did you find out from this photo that you might not learn anywhere else?
7. What questions do you still have after viewing the photograph? Where could you get answers to help you understand this topic?
1. Quickly scan the photo. What do you notice first?
2. List the people, objects and activities you see.
3. Where is it from?
4. When is it from?
5. Write one sentence summarizing this photo.
6. What did you find out from this photo that you might not learn anywhere else?
7. What questions do you still have after viewing the photograph? Where could you get answers to help you understand this topic?
Harry Fain, second from right, seated in shuttle car
Section foreman gives instructions to miners at last station
Harry Fain places and secures safety timber
Section foreman routinely tests the "top" by striking and vibration method.
Harry Fain lays track
Harry Fain assembles auger
Harry Fain, coal loader, drills coal with hand auger
Section foreman testing for gas in corner of a "room".
Harry Fain removes "bug dust" from undercut
Harry Fain loads "bug dust"
Harry Fain makes stemmings
Harry Fain, coal loader, tamping the powder charge preparatory to ignition
Harry Fain loading coal
Harry Fain loading coal in room
Harry Fain talks to his section foreman upon completion of morning shift
Harry Fain checks out in the afternoon
Semi-monthly statement of Harry Fain, coal loader
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Activity Element
Harry Fain, coal loader.
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2
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Harry Fain, second from right, seated in shuttle car
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3
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Section foreman gives instructions to miners at last station
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4
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Harry Fain places and secures safety timber
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5
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Section foreman routinely tests the "top" by striking and vibration method.
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6
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Harry Fain lays track
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7
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Harry Fain assembles auger
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8
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Harry Fain, coal loader, drills coal with hand auger
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9
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Section foreman testing for gas in corner of a "room".
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10
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Harry Fain removes "bug dust" from undercut
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11
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Harry Fain loads "bug dust"
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12
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Harry Fain makes stemmings
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13
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Harry Fain, coal loader, tamping the powder charge preparatory to ignition
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14
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Harry Fain loading coal
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15
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Harry Fain loading coal in room
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16
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Harry Fain talks to his section foreman upon completion of morning shift
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Harry Fain checks out in the afternoon
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Semi-monthly statement of Harry Fain, coal loader
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Conclusion
A Coal Miner's Work: Harry Fain
Making Connections
Compile a list of adjectives that describe the work of a coal miner in the mid-20th century. For each adjective, explain your choice with specific evidence from the photographs.
Your Response
Document
Harry Fain, coal loader.
9/23/1946
Original Caption: "Harry Fain, coal loader. Inland Steel Company, Wheelwright #1 & 2 Mines, Wheelwright, Floyd County, Kentucky."
In 1946, noted photographer Russell Lee was hired by the Solid Fuels Administration for War, a Federal agency, to take photographs for a survey of medical, health and housing conditions in coal communities around the country.
Located in remote areas and patrolled by mine company guards during times of labor unrest, coal communities were normally inaccessible to outsiders. But government seizure of the mines from private operators gave Lee an unprecedented view into coal fields from Pennsylvania to Wyoming.
Russell Lee took more than 2,000 photographs of the miners in their homes, workplaces, and communities.
In 1946, noted photographer Russell Lee was hired by the Solid Fuels Administration for War, a Federal agency, to take photographs for a survey of medical, health and housing conditions in coal communities around the country.
Located in remote areas and patrolled by mine company guards during times of labor unrest, coal communities were normally inaccessible to outsiders. But government seizure of the mines from private operators gave Lee an unprecedented view into coal fields from Pennsylvania to Wyoming.
Russell Lee took more than 2,000 photographs of the miners in their homes, workplaces, and communities.
This primary source comes from the Records of the Solid Fuels Administration for War.
National Archives Identifier: 541452
Full Citation: 245-MS-3161L; Harry Fain, coal loader.; 9/23/1946; Photographs of the Medical Survey of the Bituminous Coal Industry, 1946–1947; Records of the Solid Fuels Administration for War, ; National Archives at College Park, College Park, MD. [Online Version, https://docsteach.org/documents/document/harry-fain-coal-loader, May 8, 2024]Harry Fain, coal loader.
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Document
Harry Fain, second from right, seated in shuttle car
9/24/1946
Original Caption: "Harry Fain, second from right, seated in shuttle car on mantrip before going underground. Inland Steel Company, Wheelwright #1 & 2 Mines. Wheelwright, Floyd County, Kentucky."
In 1946, noted photographer Russell Lee was hired by the Solid Fuels Administration for War, a Federal agency, to take photographs for a survey of medical, health and housing conditions in coal communities around the country.
Located in remote areas and patrolled by mine company guards during times of labor unrest, coal communities were normally inaccessible to outsiders. But government seizure of the mines from private operators gave Lee an unprecedented view into coal fields from Pennsylvania to Wyoming.
Russell Lee took more than 2,000 photographs of the miners in their homes, workplaces, and communities.
In 1946, noted photographer Russell Lee was hired by the Solid Fuels Administration for War, a Federal agency, to take photographs for a survey of medical, health and housing conditions in coal communities around the country.
Located in remote areas and patrolled by mine company guards during times of labor unrest, coal communities were normally inaccessible to outsiders. But government seizure of the mines from private operators gave Lee an unprecedented view into coal fields from Pennsylvania to Wyoming.
Russell Lee took more than 2,000 photographs of the miners in their homes, workplaces, and communities.
This primary source comes from the Records of the Solid Fuels Administration for War.
National Archives Identifier: 541486
Full Citation: 245-MS-3259L; Harry Fain, second from right, seated in shuttle car; 9/24/1946; Photographs of the Medical Survey of the Bituminous Coal Industry, 1946–1947; Records of the Solid Fuels Administration for War, ; National Archives at College Park, College Park, MD. [Online Version, https://docsteach.org/documents/document/harry-fain-seated-shuttle-car, May 8, 2024]Harry Fain, second from right, seated in shuttle car
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Document
Section foreman gives instructions to miners at last station
9/24/1946
Original Caption: "Section foreman, left, gives instructions to miners at last station. Harry Fain, coal loader, is second from left. Inland Steel Company, Wheelwright #1 & 2 Mines, Wheelwright, Floyd County, Kentucky."
In 1946, noted photographer Russell Lee was hired by the Solid Fuels Administration for War, a Federal agency, to take photographs for a survey of medical, health and housing conditions in coal communities around the country.
Located in remote areas and patrolled by mine company guards during times of labor unrest, coal communities were normally inaccessible to outsiders. But government seizure of the mines from private operators gave Lee an unprecedented view into coal fields from Pennsylvania to Wyoming.
Russell Lee took more than 2,000 photographs of the miners in their homes, workplaces, and communities.
In 1946, noted photographer Russell Lee was hired by the Solid Fuels Administration for War, a Federal agency, to take photographs for a survey of medical, health and housing conditions in coal communities around the country.
Located in remote areas and patrolled by mine company guards during times of labor unrest, coal communities were normally inaccessible to outsiders. But government seizure of the mines from private operators gave Lee an unprecedented view into coal fields from Pennsylvania to Wyoming.
Russell Lee took more than 2,000 photographs of the miners in their homes, workplaces, and communities.
This primary source comes from the Records of the Solid Fuels Administration for War.
National Archives Identifier: 541479
Full Citation: 245-MS-3245L; Section foreman gives instructions to miners at last station; 9/24/1946; Photographs of the Medical Survey of the Bituminous Coal Industry, 1946–1947; Records of the Solid Fuels Administration for War, ; National Archives at College Park, College Park, MD. [Online Version, https://docsteach.org/documents/document/section-foreman-gives-instructions-to-miners, May 8, 2024]Section foreman gives instructions to miners at last station
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Document
Harry Fain places and secures safety timber
9/24/1946
Original Caption: "Harry Fain, coal loader, places and secures safety timber close to the face where he will work. Inland Steel Co, Wheelwright #1 & 2 Mines, Wheelwright, Floyd County, Kentucky."
In 1946, noted photographer Russell Lee was hired by the Solid Fuels Administration for War, a Federal agency, to take photographs for a survey of medical, health and housing conditions in coal communities around the country.
Located in remote areas and patrolled by mine company guards during times of labor unrest, coal communities were normally inaccessible to outsiders. But government seizure of the mines from private operators gave Lee an unprecedented view into coal fields from Pennsylvania to Wyoming.
Russell Lee took more than 2,000 photographs of the miners in their homes, workplaces, and communities.
In 1946, noted photographer Russell Lee was hired by the Solid Fuels Administration for War, a Federal agency, to take photographs for a survey of medical, health and housing conditions in coal communities around the country.
Located in remote areas and patrolled by mine company guards during times of labor unrest, coal communities were normally inaccessible to outsiders. But government seizure of the mines from private operators gave Lee an unprecedented view into coal fields from Pennsylvania to Wyoming.
Russell Lee took more than 2,000 photographs of the miners in their homes, workplaces, and communities.
This primary source comes from the Records of the Solid Fuels Administration for War.
National Archives Identifier: 541483
Full Citation: 245-MS-3250L; Harry Fain places and secures safety timber ; 9/24/1946; Photographs of the Medical Survey of the Bituminous Coal Industry, 1946–1947; Records of the Solid Fuels Administration for War, ; National Archives at College Park, College Park, MD. [Online Version, https://docsteach.org/documents/document/harry-fain-places-and-secures-safety-timber, May 8, 2024]Harry Fain places and secures safety timber
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Document
Section foreman routinely tests the "top" by striking and vibration method.
9/24/1946
Original Caption: "Section foreman routinely tests the "top" by striking and vibration method. Inland Steel Company, Wheelwright #1 & 2 Mines, Wheelwright, Floyd County, Kentucky."
In 1946, noted photographer Russell Lee was hired by the Solid Fuels Administration for War, a Federal agency, to take photographs for a survey of medical, health and housing conditions in coal communities around the country.
Located in remote areas and patrolled by mine company guards during times of labor unrest, coal communities were normally inaccessible to outsiders. But government seizure of the mines from private operators gave Lee an unprecedented view into coal fields from Pennsylvania to Wyoming.
Russell Lee took more than 2,000 photographs of the miners in their homes, workplaces, and communities.
In 1946, noted photographer Russell Lee was hired by the Solid Fuels Administration for War, a Federal agency, to take photographs for a survey of medical, health and housing conditions in coal communities around the country.
Located in remote areas and patrolled by mine company guards during times of labor unrest, coal communities were normally inaccessible to outsiders. But government seizure of the mines from private operators gave Lee an unprecedented view into coal fields from Pennsylvania to Wyoming.
Russell Lee took more than 2,000 photographs of the miners in their homes, workplaces, and communities.
This primary source comes from the Records of the Solid Fuels Administration for War.
National Archives Identifier: 541480
Full Citation: 245-MS-3246L; Section foreman routinely tests the "top" by striking and vibration method.; 9/24/1946; Photographs of the Medical Survey of the Bituminous Coal Industry, 1946–1947; Records of the Solid Fuels Administration for War, ; National Archives at College Park, College Park, MD. [Online Version, https://docsteach.org/documents/document/section-foreman-routinely-tests-the-top-by-striking-and-vibration-method, May 8, 2024]Section foreman routinely tests the "top" by striking and vibration method.
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Document
Harry Fain lays track
9/24/1946
Original Caption: "Harry Fain, coal loader, lays track which will allow shuttle car to be spotted closer to the face. Inland Steel Company, Wheelwirght #1 & 2 Mines, Wheelwright, Floyd County, Kentucky."
In 1946, noted photographer Russell Lee was hired by the Solid Fuels Administration for War, a Federal agency, to take photographs for a survey of medical, health and housing conditions in coal communities around the country.
Located in remote areas and patrolled by mine company guards during times of labor unrest, coal communities were normally inaccessible to outsiders. But government seizure of the mines from private operators gave Lee an unprecedented view into coal fields from Pennsylvania to Wyoming.
Russell Lee took more than 2,000 photographs of the miners in their homes, workplaces, and communities.
In 1946, noted photographer Russell Lee was hired by the Solid Fuels Administration for War, a Federal agency, to take photographs for a survey of medical, health and housing conditions in coal communities around the country.
Located in remote areas and patrolled by mine company guards during times of labor unrest, coal communities were normally inaccessible to outsiders. But government seizure of the mines from private operators gave Lee an unprecedented view into coal fields from Pennsylvania to Wyoming.
Russell Lee took more than 2,000 photographs of the miners in their homes, workplaces, and communities.
This primary source comes from the Records of the Solid Fuels Administration for War.
National Archives Identifier: 541476
Full Citation: 245-MS-3242L; Harry Fain lays track; 9/24/1946; Photographs of the Medical Survey of the Bituminous Coal Industry, 1946–1947; Records of the Solid Fuels Administration for War, ; National Archives at College Park, College Park, MD. [Online Version, https://docsteach.org/documents/document/harry-fain-lays-track, May 8, 2024]Harry Fain lays track
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Harry Fain assembles auger
9/24/1946
Original Caption: "Harry Fain, coal loader assembles auger which he will use in drilling at the face. Inland Steel Company, Wheelwright #1 & 2 Mines, Wheelwright, Floyd County, Kentucky., September 24, 1946."
In 1946, noted photographer Russell Lee was hired by the Solid Fuels Administration for War, a Federal agency, to take photographs for a survey of medical, health and housing conditions in coal communities around the country.
Located in remote areas and patrolled by mine company guards during times of labor unrest, coal communities were normally inaccessible to outsiders. But government seizure of the mines from private operators gave Lee an unprecedented view into coal fields from Pennsylvania to Wyoming.
Russell Lee took more than 2,000 photographs of the miners in their homes, workplaces, and communities.
In 1946, noted photographer Russell Lee was hired by the Solid Fuels Administration for War, a Federal agency, to take photographs for a survey of medical, health and housing conditions in coal communities around the country.
Located in remote areas and patrolled by mine company guards during times of labor unrest, coal communities were normally inaccessible to outsiders. But government seizure of the mines from private operators gave Lee an unprecedented view into coal fields from Pennsylvania to Wyoming.
Russell Lee took more than 2,000 photographs of the miners in their homes, workplaces, and communities.
This primary source comes from the Records of the Solid Fuels Administration for War.
National Archives Identifier: 541459
Full Citation: 245-MS-3204L; Harry Fain assembles auger; 9/24/1946; Photographs of the Medical Survey of the Bituminous Coal Industry, 1946–1947; Records of the Solid Fuels Administration for War, ; National Archives at College Park, College Park, MD. [Online Version, https://docsteach.org/documents/document/harry-fain-assembles-auger, May 8, 2024]Harry Fain assembles auger
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Harry Fain drills coal with hand auger
9/24/1946
Original Caption: "Harry Fain, coal loader, drills coal with hand auger. Powder charges are then placed and ignited. Inland Steel Company, Wheelwright #1 & 2 Mines, Wheelwright, Floyd County, Kentucky."
In 1946, noted photographer Russell Lee was hired by the Solid Fuels Administration for War, a Federal agency, to take photographs for a survey of medical, health and housing conditions in coal communities around the country.
Located in remote areas and patrolled by mine company guards during times of labor unrest, coal communities were normally inaccessible to outsiders. But government seizure of the mines from private operators gave Lee an unprecedented view into coal fields from Pennsylvania to Wyoming.
Russell Lee took more than 2,000 photographs of the miners in their homes, workplaces, and communities.
In 1946, noted photographer Russell Lee was hired by the Solid Fuels Administration for War, a Federal agency, to take photographs for a survey of medical, health and housing conditions in coal communities around the country.
Located in remote areas and patrolled by mine company guards during times of labor unrest, coal communities were normally inaccessible to outsiders. But government seizure of the mines from private operators gave Lee an unprecedented view into coal fields from Pennsylvania to Wyoming.
Russell Lee took more than 2,000 photographs of the miners in their homes, workplaces, and communities.
This primary source comes from the Records of the Solid Fuels Administration for War.
National Archives Identifier: 541482
Full Citation: 245-MS-3248L; Harry Fain drills coal with hand auger; 9/24/1946; Photographs of the Medical Survey of the Bituminous Coal Industry, 1946–1947; Records of the Solid Fuels Administration for War, ; National Archives at College Park, College Park, MD. [Online Version, https://docsteach.org/documents/document/harry-fain-coal-loader-drills-coal-with-hand-auger, May 8, 2024]Harry Fain drills coal with hand auger
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Document
Section foreman testing for gas in corner of a "room".
9/24/1946
Original Caption: "Section foreman testing for gas in corner of a "room". Inland Steel Company, Wheelwright #1 & 2 Mines, Wheelwright, Floyd County, Kentucky."
In 1946, noted photographer Russell Lee was hired by the Solid Fuels Administration for War, a Federal agency, to take photographs for a survey of medical, health and housing conditions in coal communities around the country.
Located in remote areas and patrolled by mine company guards during times of labor unrest, coal communities were normally inaccessible to outsiders. But government seizure of the mines from private operators gave Lee an unprecedented view into coal fields from Pennsylvania to Wyoming.
Russell Lee took more than 2,000 photographs of the miners in their homes, workplaces, and communities.
In 1946, noted photographer Russell Lee was hired by the Solid Fuels Administration for War, a Federal agency, to take photographs for a survey of medical, health and housing conditions in coal communities around the country.
Located in remote areas and patrolled by mine company guards during times of labor unrest, coal communities were normally inaccessible to outsiders. But government seizure of the mines from private operators gave Lee an unprecedented view into coal fields from Pennsylvania to Wyoming.
Russell Lee took more than 2,000 photographs of the miners in their homes, workplaces, and communities.
This primary source comes from the Records of the Solid Fuels Administration for War.
National Archives Identifier: 541475
Full Citation: 245-MS-3241L; Section foreman testing for gas in corner of a "room".; 9/24/1946; Photographs of the Medical Survey of the Bituminous Coal Industry, 1946–1947; Records of the Solid Fuels Administration for War, ; National Archives at College Park, College Park, MD. [Online Version, https://docsteach.org/documents/document/section-foreman-testing-for-gas-in-corner-of-a-room, May 8, 2024]Section foreman testing for gas in corner of a "room".
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Harry Fain removes "bug dust" from undercut
9/24/1946
Original Caption: "Harry Fain, coal loader, removes "bug dust" from undercut made by cutting machine. "Bug dust" is mixture of slate and ground coal. Inland Steel Company, Wheelwright #1 & 2 Mines, Wheelwright, Floyd County, Kentucky."
In 1946, noted photographer Russell Lee was hired by the Solid Fuels Administration for War, a Federal agency, to take photographs for a survey of medical, health and housing conditions in coal communities around the country.
Located in remote areas and patrolled by mine company guards during times of labor unrest, coal communities were normally inaccessible to outsiders. But government seizure of the mines from private operators gave Lee an unprecedented view into coal fields from Pennsylvania to Wyoming.
Russell Lee took more than 2,000 photographs of the miners in their homes, workplaces, and communities.
In 1946, noted photographer Russell Lee was hired by the Solid Fuels Administration for War, a Federal agency, to take photographs for a survey of medical, health and housing conditions in coal communities around the country.
Located in remote areas and patrolled by mine company guards during times of labor unrest, coal communities were normally inaccessible to outsiders. But government seizure of the mines from private operators gave Lee an unprecedented view into coal fields from Pennsylvania to Wyoming.
Russell Lee took more than 2,000 photographs of the miners in their homes, workplaces, and communities.
This primary source comes from the Records of the Solid Fuels Administration for War.
National Archives Identifier: 541484
Full Citation: 245-MS-3253L; Harry Fain removes "bug dust" from undercut; 9/24/1946; Photographs of the Medical Survey of the Bituminous Coal Industry, 1946–1947; Records of the Solid Fuels Administration for War, ; National Archives at College Park, College Park, MD. [Online Version, https://docsteach.org/documents/document/harry-fain-coal-loader-removes-bug-dust-from-undercut, May 8, 2024]Harry Fain removes "bug dust" from undercut
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Harry Fain loads "bug dust"
9/24/1946
Original Caption: "Harry Fain, coal loader, loads "bug dust" which is mixed slate and coal ground by the undercutting machine. He will load about 2 tons net coal in this operation. His total coal loading for the day will be 16-17 tons. Coal seam is 4 feet thick. Inland Steel Company, Wheelwright #1 & 2 Mines, Wheelwright, Floyd County, Kentucky."
In 1946, noted photographer Russell Lee was hired by the Solid Fuels Administration for War, a Federal agency, to take photographs for a survey of medical, health and housing conditions in coal communities around the country.
Located in remote areas and patrolled by mine company guards during times of labor unrest, coal communities were normally inaccessible to outsiders. But government seizure of the mines from private operators gave Lee an unprecedented view into coal fields from Pennsylvania to Wyoming.
Russell Lee took more than 2,000 photographs of the miners in their homes, workplaces, and communities.
In 1946, noted photographer Russell Lee was hired by the Solid Fuels Administration for War, a Federal agency, to take photographs for a survey of medical, health and housing conditions in coal communities around the country.
Located in remote areas and patrolled by mine company guards during times of labor unrest, coal communities were normally inaccessible to outsiders. But government seizure of the mines from private operators gave Lee an unprecedented view into coal fields from Pennsylvania to Wyoming.
Russell Lee took more than 2,000 photographs of the miners in their homes, workplaces, and communities.
This primary source comes from the Records of the Solid Fuels Administration for War.
National Archives Identifier: 541481
Full Citation: 245-MS-3247L; Harry Fain loads "bug dust"; 9/24/1946; Photographs of the Medical Survey of the Bituminous Coal Industry, 1946–1947; Records of the Solid Fuels Administration for War, ; National Archives at College Park, College Park, MD. [Online Version, https://docsteach.org/documents/document/harry-fain-loads-bug-dust, May 8, 2024]Harry Fain loads "bug dust"
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Harry Fain makes stemmings
9/24/1946
Original Caption: "Harry Fain, coal loader, makes "stemmings" which are used in proper placing of powder charge. Inland Steel Company, Wheelwright #1 & 2 Mines, Wheelwright, Floyd County, Kentucky., September 24, 1946"
In 1946, noted photographer Russell Lee was hired by the Solid Fuels Administration for War, a Federal agency, to take photographs for a survey of medical, health and housing conditions in coal communities around the country.
Located in remote areas and patrolled by mine company guards during times of labor unrest, coal communities were normally inaccessible to outsiders. But government seizure of the mines from private operators gave Lee an unprecedented view into coal fields from Pennsylvania to Wyoming.
Russell Lee took more than 2,000 photographs of the miners in their homes, workplaces, and communities.
In 1946, noted photographer Russell Lee was hired by the Solid Fuels Administration for War, a Federal agency, to take photographs for a survey of medical, health and housing conditions in coal communities around the country.
Located in remote areas and patrolled by mine company guards during times of labor unrest, coal communities were normally inaccessible to outsiders. But government seizure of the mines from private operators gave Lee an unprecedented view into coal fields from Pennsylvania to Wyoming.
Russell Lee took more than 2,000 photographs of the miners in their homes, workplaces, and communities.
This primary source comes from the Records of the Solid Fuels Administration for War.
National Archives Identifier: 541473
Full Citation: 245-MS-3238L; Harry Fain makes stemmings; 9/24/1946; Photographs of the Medical Survey of the Bituminous Coal Industry, 1946–1947; Records of the Solid Fuels Administration for War, ; National Archives at College Park, College Park, MD. [Online Version, https://docsteach.org/documents/document/harry-fain-makes-stemmings, May 8, 2024]Harry Fain makes stemmings
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Harry Fain tamping the powder charge preparatory to ignition
9/24/1946
Original Caption: "Harry Fain, coal loader, tamping the powder charge preparatory to ignition. Inland Steel Company, Wheelwright #1 & 2 Mines, Wheelwright, Floyd County, Kentucky."
In 1946, noted photographer Russell Lee was hired by the Solid Fuels Administration for War, a Federal agency, to take photographs for a survey of medical, health and housing conditions in coal communities around the country.
Located in remote areas and patrolled by mine company guards during times of labor unrest, coal communities were normally inaccessible to outsiders. But government seizure of the mines from private operators gave Lee an unprecedented view into coal fields from Pennsylvania to Wyoming.
Russell Lee took more than 2,000 photographs of the miners in their homes, workplaces, and communities.
In 1946, noted photographer Russell Lee was hired by the Solid Fuels Administration for War, a Federal agency, to take photographs for a survey of medical, health and housing conditions in coal communities around the country.
Located in remote areas and patrolled by mine company guards during times of labor unrest, coal communities were normally inaccessible to outsiders. But government seizure of the mines from private operators gave Lee an unprecedented view into coal fields from Pennsylvania to Wyoming.
Russell Lee took more than 2,000 photographs of the miners in their homes, workplaces, and communities.
This primary source comes from the Records of the Solid Fuels Administration for War.
National Archives Identifier: 541477
Full Citation: 245-MS-3243L; Harry Fain tamping the powder charge preparatory to ignition; 9/24/1946; Photographs of the Medical Survey of the Bituminous Coal Industry, 1946–1947; Records of the Solid Fuels Administration for War, ; National Archives at College Park, College Park, MD. [Online Version, https://docsteach.org/documents/document/harry-fain-coal-loader-tamping-the-powder-charge, May 8, 2024]Harry Fain tamping the powder charge preparatory to ignition
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Harry Fain loading coal
9/24/1946
Original Caption: "Harry Fain loading coal that has just been shot from the face. He will load about 16-17 tons per day. Inland Steel Company, Wheelwright #1 & 2 Mines, Wheelwright, Floyd County, Kentucky."
In 1946, noted photographer Russell Lee was hired by the Solid Fuels Administration for War, a Federal agency, to take photographs for a survey of medical, health and housing conditions in coal communities around the country.
Located in remote areas and patrolled by mine company guards during times of labor unrest, coal communities were normally inaccessible to outsiders. But government seizure of the mines from private operators gave Lee an unprecedented view into coal fields from Pennsylvania to Wyoming.
Russell Lee took more than 2,000 photographs of the miners in their homes, workplaces, and communities.
In 1946, noted photographer Russell Lee was hired by the Solid Fuels Administration for War, a Federal agency, to take photographs for a survey of medical, health and housing conditions in coal communities around the country.
Located in remote areas and patrolled by mine company guards during times of labor unrest, coal communities were normally inaccessible to outsiders. But government seizure of the mines from private operators gave Lee an unprecedented view into coal fields from Pennsylvania to Wyoming.
Russell Lee took more than 2,000 photographs of the miners in their homes, workplaces, and communities.
This primary source comes from the Records of the Solid Fuels Administration for War.
National Archives Identifier: 541474
Full Citation: 245-MS-3239L; Harry Fain loading coal; 9/24/1946; Photographs of the Medical Survey of the Bituminous Coal Industry, 1946–1947; Records of the Solid Fuels Administration for War, ; National Archives at College Park, College Park, MD. [Online Version, https://docsteach.org/documents/document/harry-fain-loading-coal, May 8, 2024]Harry Fain loading coal
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Harry Fain loading coal in room
9/24/1946
Original Caption: "Harry Fain loading coal in "room". Coal seam is about 4 feet thick here. Inland Steel Company, Wheelwright #1 & 2 Mines, Wheelwright, Floyd County, Kentucky."
In 1946, noted photographer Russell Lee was hired by the Solid Fuels Administration for War, a Federal agency, to take photographs for a survey of medical, health and housing conditions in coal communities around the country.
Located in remote areas and patrolled by mine company guards during times of labor unrest, coal communities were normally inaccessible to outsiders. But government seizure of the mines from private operators gave Lee an unprecedented view into coal fields from Pennsylvania to Wyoming.
Russell Lee took more than 2,000 photographs of the miners in their homes, workplaces, and communities.
In 1946, noted photographer Russell Lee was hired by the Solid Fuels Administration for War, a Federal agency, to take photographs for a survey of medical, health and housing conditions in coal communities around the country.
Located in remote areas and patrolled by mine company guards during times of labor unrest, coal communities were normally inaccessible to outsiders. But government seizure of the mines from private operators gave Lee an unprecedented view into coal fields from Pennsylvania to Wyoming.
Russell Lee took more than 2,000 photographs of the miners in their homes, workplaces, and communities.
This primary source comes from the Records of the Solid Fuels Administration for War.
National Archives Identifier: 541485
Full Citation: 245-MS-3255L; Harry Fain loading coal in room; 9/24/1946; Photographs of the Medical Survey of the Bituminous Coal Industry, 1946–1947; Records of the Solid Fuels Administration for War, ; National Archives at College Park, College Park, MD. [Online Version, https://docsteach.org/documents/document/harry-fain-loading-coal-in-room, May 8, 2024]Harry Fain loading coal in room
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Harry Fain talks to his section foreman upon completion of morning shift
9/23/1946
Original Caption: "Harry Fain, coal loader, right, talks to his section foreman upon completion of morning shift. Inland Steel Company, Wheelwright #1 & 2 Mines, Wheelwright, Floyd County, Kentucky."
In 1946, noted photographer Russell Lee was hired by the Solid Fuels Administration for War, a Federal agency, to take photographs for a survey of medical, health and housing conditions in coal communities around the country.
Located in remote areas and patrolled by mine company guards during times of labor unrest, coal communities were normally inaccessible to outsiders. But government seizure of the mines from private operators gave Lee an unprecedented view into coal fields from Pennsylvania to Wyoming.
Russell Lee took more than 2,000 photographs of the miners in their homes, workplaces, and communities.
In 1946, noted photographer Russell Lee was hired by the Solid Fuels Administration for War, a Federal agency, to take photographs for a survey of medical, health and housing conditions in coal communities around the country.
Located in remote areas and patrolled by mine company guards during times of labor unrest, coal communities were normally inaccessible to outsiders. But government seizure of the mines from private operators gave Lee an unprecedented view into coal fields from Pennsylvania to Wyoming.
Russell Lee took more than 2,000 photographs of the miners in their homes, workplaces, and communities.
This primary source comes from the Records of the Solid Fuels Administration for War.
National Archives Identifier: 541448
Full Citation: 245-MS-3150L; Harry Fain talks to his section foreman upon completion of morning shift; 9/23/1946; Photographs of the Medical Survey of the Bituminous Coal Industry, 1946–1947; Records of the Solid Fuels Administration for War, ; National Archives at College Park, College Park, MD. [Online Version, https://docsteach.org/documents/document/harry-fain-talks-to-his-section-foreman-upon-completion-of-morning-shift, May 8, 2024]Harry Fain talks to his section foreman upon completion of morning shift
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Harry Fain checks out in the afternoon
9/23/1946
Original Caption: "Harry Fain, coal loader, checks out in the afternoon after cleaning up after work. Inland Steel Company, Wheelwright #1 & 2 Mines, Wheelwright, Floyd County, Kentucky., September 23, 1946"
In 1946, noted photographer Russell Lee was hired by the Solid Fuels Administration for War, a Federal agency, to take photographs for a survey of medical, health and housing conditions in coal communities around the country.
Located in remote areas and patrolled by mine company guards during times of labor unrest, coal communities were normally inaccessible to outsiders. But government seizure of the mines from private operators gave Lee an unprecedented view into coal fields from Pennsylvania to Wyoming.
Russell Lee took more than 2,000 photographs of the miners in their homes, workplaces, and communities.
In 1946, noted photographer Russell Lee was hired by the Solid Fuels Administration for War, a Federal agency, to take photographs for a survey of medical, health and housing conditions in coal communities around the country.
Located in remote areas and patrolled by mine company guards during times of labor unrest, coal communities were normally inaccessible to outsiders. But government seizure of the mines from private operators gave Lee an unprecedented view into coal fields from Pennsylvania to Wyoming.
Russell Lee took more than 2,000 photographs of the miners in their homes, workplaces, and communities.
This primary source comes from the Records of the Solid Fuels Administration for War.
National Archives Identifier: 541444
Full Citation: 245-MS-3127L; Harry Fain checks out in the afternoon; 9/23/1946; Photographs of the Medical Survey of the Bituminous Coal Industry, 1946–1947; Records of the Solid Fuels Administration for War, ; National Archives at College Park, College Park, MD. [Online Version, https://docsteach.org/documents/document/harry-fain-checks-out-in-the-afternoon, May 8, 2024]Harry Fain checks out in the afternoon
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Semi-monthly statement of Harry Fain, coal loader
9/24/1946
Original Caption: "Semi-monthly statement of Harry Fain, coal loader, Inland Steel Company, Wheelwright #1 & 2 Mines, Wheelwright, Floyd County, Kentucky."
In 1946, noted photographer Russell Lee was hired by the Solid Fuels Administration for War, a Federal agency, to take photographs for a survey of medical, health and housing conditions in coal communities around the country.
Located in remote areas and patrolled by mine company guards during times of labor unrest, coal communities were normally inaccessible to outsiders. But government seizure of the mines from private operators gave Lee an unprecedented view into coal fields from Pennsylvania to Wyoming.
Russell Lee took more than 2,000 photographs of the miners in their homes, workplaces, and communities.
In 1946, noted photographer Russell Lee was hired by the Solid Fuels Administration for War, a Federal agency, to take photographs for a survey of medical, health and housing conditions in coal communities around the country.
Located in remote areas and patrolled by mine company guards during times of labor unrest, coal communities were normally inaccessible to outsiders. But government seizure of the mines from private operators gave Lee an unprecedented view into coal fields from Pennsylvania to Wyoming.
Russell Lee took more than 2,000 photographs of the miners in their homes, workplaces, and communities.
This primary source comes from the Records of the Solid Fuels Administration for War.
National Archives Identifier: 541507
Full Citation: 245-MS-3331L; Semi-monthly statement of Harry Fain, coal loader; 9/24/1946; Photographs of the Medical Survey of the Bituminous Coal Industry, 1946–1947; Records of the Solid Fuels Administration for War, ; National Archives at College Park, College Park, MD. [Online Version, https://docsteach.org/documents/document/semi-monthly-statement-harry-fain-coal-loader, May 8, 2024]Semi-monthly statement of Harry Fain, coal loader
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